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Building heating solutions in China

Building heating solutions in China: a multi-criteria system analysis based on spatial data.

Modern clean, accessible and affordable building space heating is a key towards future sustainable development of China. For a large country as China, it is impossible to recommend identical building space heating solution for everywhere. Therefore, this project aims at developing a systematic evaluation method to assist relative stakeholders decide at where and under what conditions to choose a certain building space heating solution.

Funded by:

China Scholarship Council (CSC file 201407930004)

STINT, Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education

NSFC, National Scientific Foundation of China

Time period: 2018-2021
Project members:

  • Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
  • Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, SJTU Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Background

Modern clean, accessible and affordable building space heating is a key towards future sustainable development of China. For a large country as China, it is impossible to recommend identical building space heating solution for everywhere. Therefore, this project aims at developing a systematic evaluation method to assist relative stakeholders decide at where and under what conditions to choose a certain building space heating solution.

The project innovatively integrate spatial data analysis with conventional building space heating and space cooling technologies by a systematic approach, so that large scale evaluations can be carried out for China. The evaluations are performed quantitatively through a number of key performance indicators, which can reflect the relative advantages and disadvantages of different building heating solutions when compared with each other. Stakeholders can benefit from such multi-criteria evaluation and policy makers can be inspired to think out of the box. The systematic approach is not confined to only understand the technology itself, but have a wider boundary to investigate different heat source, heat sink as well as energy system.

Aim and objectives

The ultimate aim of the study is to provide a spatial data based holistic method, through which stakeholders can investigate building heating solutions' feasibility in various geographical locations of China. Then the stakeholders can benefit from the insights of the results, to compose wise policy decisions or make right choice of building heating solutions. The system analysis method and consequent model should be able to compare building heating solutions' adaptability from multi-criteria perspectives such as technical, economic, environmental, geographical, social and demographical point of view. By choosing a number of key performance indicators, the potential of a specific building heating solution can be quantitatively assessed.

Outcomes

  1. Comprehensive review of building heating status in China
  2. A spatial data based system analysis method
  3. Case studies comparing different building heating solutions in various cities across China using proposed method

Publications

All publications within the project can be found in Diva here. 

PhD Thesis: Su, C. Building heating solutions in China: A spatial system analysis , 2019.

Paper 1: Su, C.*, Madani, H., & Palm, B. (2018). Heating solutions for

residential buildings in China: Current status and future outlook. Energy

conversion and management, 177, 493-510.

Paper 2: Su, C.*, Madani, H., & Palm, B. (2019). "A Systematic multi-criteria

assessment infrastructure for residential building heating technologies

in China." International Conference on Applied Energy 2019, Aug 12-15,

2019, Västerås, Sweden.

Paper 3: Su, C.*, Madani, H., & Palm, B. (2019). Building heating solutions

in China: A spatial techno-economic and environmental analysis. Energy

conversion and management, 179, 201-218.

Paper 4: Su, C*., Madani, H., Liu, H.,Wang, R., & Palm, B. (2019). "Seawater

heat pumps in China A spatial analysis." submitted to Energy conversion

and management.

Paper 5: Su, C*., Madani, H., & Palm, B. (2019). Spatial Data Assisted

Ground Source Heat Pump Potential Analysis in China, a Case of Qingdao City.

Energy Procedia, 158, 6099-6104.

Project contact persons

PARMENIDES – Plug & plAy EneRgy ManagEmeNt for hybriD Energy Storage
HYSTORE - Hybrid services from advanced thermal energy storage systems
Open-source models for holistic building energy system design at scale
Tank to Grave Management of new Low-GWP Refrigerants (Hantering av nya låg-GWP köldmedier från installation till destruktion)
Novel tool and guidelines for designing ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) in densely populated areas
Data driven lab for building energy systems
Long-term performance measurement of GSHP systems serving commercial, institutional and multi-family buildings
RE-Park
Smart Control Strategies for Heat Pump Systems
Open-source models for holistic building energy system design at scale
Control systems for hybrid solutions based on biomass fueled Stirling engines, solar and wind for rural electrification
Prosumer-Centric Communication for Solar PV Diffusion (completed)
Towards Sustainable (Fossil-free) Heating System in Small Residential Buildings
Solar energy and ground source heat pumps for Swedish multi-family housing (completed)
Solar photovoltaic systems in Swedish cooperative housing (completed)
Smart Control Strategies for Heat Pump Systems (completed)
Creating and Understanding Smart Innovation in Cities
Building heating solutions in China
Accelerating innovation in buildings
High-Resolution GIS District Heating Source-Load Mapping
Smart Solar Hybrid Solutions for Sustainable European Buildings
Digitalization and IoT technologies for Heat Pump systems
Sustainable combined systems for heating of buildings (completed)
Cost- and Energy-Efficient Control Systems for Buildings
Situation of Opportunity in the Growth and Change of three Stockholm City Districts (completed)
Wuxi Sino-Swedish Eco-City Project (completed)
Future Secondary Fluids for indirect refrigeration systems
Smart Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Heat Pumps
Performance indicators for energy efficient supermarket buildings
Magnetic Refrigeration
High-Resolution GIS District Heating Source-Load Mapping
Smart Solar Hybrid Solutions for Sustainable European Buildings
Building state-of-the-art (SotA) supermarket: Putting theory into practice
Efficient utilization of industrial waste heat by low temperature heat driven power cycles – an integrated approach for Swedish Industry
Cooperation between Supermarkets and Real Estate Owners; Energy Efficiency and Business Models
Digitalization and IoT technologies for Heat Pump systems
Capacity control in Heat Pump systems
Alternative secondary fluids
Functional surface coatings for energy efficient heat pumps
Two-phase flow in flat channels
Two phase heat transfer & pressure drop with new environment friendly refrigerants in minichannels (completed)
Numerical Study on flow boiling in micro/mini channels (completed)
Distributed Cold Storages in District Cooling
Integrating Latent Heat Storage into Residential Heating Systems
Simulation of temperature distribution in borehole thermal storages supported by fiber optic temperature measurements (completed)
Solar energy and ground source heat pumps for Swedish multi-family housing (completed)
Neutrons for Heat Storage, NHS, (completed)
4D Monitoring of BTES (completed)
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (completed)
Deep Borehole Heat Exchanger (completed)
Combined Heat and Power plants in combination with borehole thermal energy storage (completed)
Improved borehole technology for Geothermal Heat Pumps development (completed)
Compact Minichannel Latent Energy Storage for Air Related Cold Storage Applications
Building heating solutions in China
Toward Sustainable (Fossil-free) Heating System in Small Residential Buildings
Renewable Energy Park, RE-Park (completed)
Efficient use of energy wells for heat pumps (completed)
Efficient design of geothermal heating systems (completed)
SPF (completed)