V2Logistics – Vehicle-to-Grid for Freight Transport: Business Model pre-study
Smart charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) are globally recognized as key technologies for enhancing grid flexibility, integrating renewables, and creating new business opportunities. While Sweden has several V2G pilots, most focus on passenger EVs, leaving major gaps regarding heavy logistics operations, depot-based charging, business model scalability, and regulatory alignment.
Background
The technology for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is already mature and available on the market. However, the application in freight logistics is still constrained by high upfront vehicle costs, limited access to charging infrastructure, and volatility in electricity supply and prices. In this context, smart charging and V2G offer important advantages: they can optimize charging schedules to reduce costs, provide new revenue streams through participation in flexibility markets, and enhance the stability and resilience of the energy system. Despite these benefits, the business logic for applying smart charging and V2G in logistics remains underdeveloped, with a lack of viable models, incentives, and regulatory clarity hindering wider adoption.
Aim and Objectives
The aim of this pre-study project is to address these barriers by analyzing the prerequisites for smart charging and V2G in logistics and developing validated concepts for business models. The project will:
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Review pricing models and flexibility market mechanisms to clarify economic opportunities and risks.
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Map stakeholders, value chains, and collaboration opportunities across logistics, energy, and policy domains.
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Design and test business model architectures using a system dynamics simulation model, validated through scenario analyses.
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Develop a roadmap for implementation that specifies steps and partnerships required for a future system demonstrator.
Project Partners
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Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan KTH
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Statens väg- & transportforskningsinstitut VTI
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Atrinova Affärsutveckling AB
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TRB Sverige AB
Funding is provided by Vinnova
Timeframe: 2026 - 2027
Keytags: V2G, Logistics, Grid, Battery
Researchers
